One-way load self-control spiral type brake

ABSTRACT

A one-way load self-control spiral type brake, including a reel, two bearing frames on the reel, a brake shaft set between the two bearing frames, and two ends of the brake shaft connecting a transmission shaft. A front end of said brake shaft equipped with a fixing apparatus. Behind the fixing apparatus, a first inner friction piece, a first external friction piece, a second inner friction piece, a second external friction piece, an internal screw thread pressure plate, a tension spring, a connection piece and a brake shaft coupling are provided in sequential order around the brake shaft, and are fixed together by a socket and spigot joint. The inner friction piece and the brake shaft mesh. An external tooth is set on an outer circle of the external friction piece. A front end of the brake shaft coupling is fixed outside of an internal screw thread pressure plate.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to Chinese Patent Application No. 2009-10157062.2, filed Dec. 30, 2009, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to braking equipment, especially as related to a one-way load self-control spiral type brake that is used for capstan winch braking.

2. Description of Background Art

More and more people from city like to go to the field by the self-driving to go for a drive. However, if they run into poor natural conditions, it will probably be difficult to get away because the vehicle is in unfavorable condition. Now a capstan winch is needed to help the vehicle extricate itself from a predicament. When the capstan winch is in operation, it needs the brake to guarantee the heavy object that being drawn can not glide down when the motor stops or damages. There are many examples of conventional brakes used in the capstan winch, such as the awl drum type, the piston ring type and the ratchet type. However, each type has its own characteristics. The service life of the piston ring type is very short, and the ordinary ratchet type capstan winch falls out the rope easily and weighs down the object. The awl drum type when used in the capstan winch is better than the other two kinds of brakes from the view of the work performance of the capstan winch and the service life of the capstan winch itself. But it is not perfect in the long-term service life and the reliability of braking. At the same time, the above three kinds of brakes also have several common shortcomings, that is, during the operation, it produces large quantity of heat, and it has difficult in the heat dissipation, furthermore, it fastens the damage of the capstan winch.

Therefore, we clearly realize that: in order to guarantee the safety of driving in the field, the capstan winch in the prior art is still difficult to make the people relieved, and it is necessary to propose one invention which can not only overcome the weak point that above-mentioned brake, but also can bitterly satisfy the work performance of the capstan winch brake. Also, it has a simple structure and it is easy to be fixed and applied.

SUMMARY AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention provides a one-way load self-control spiral type brake. It has a fast brake reaction and a good brake effect. Also, the brake has a good performance of heat dissipation, and it can guarantee the reliability of braking, furthermore, it has a long service life. At the same time, it has a simple structure, and it is convenient for installation, furthermore, it is easy to be popularized among the ordinary consumers.

In order to arrive at said effect, the one-way load self-control spiral type brake includes the reel. Two bearing frames are equipped in the reel. The brake shaft is set between the two bearing frames. The two ends of the brake shaft connect the transmission shaft. The frond end of said brake shaft is equipped with the fixing apparatus, and from the fixing apparatus, there is in turn fixed the following units around the brake shaft. The inner friction piece and the external friction piece are alternately fixed by means of socket and spigot joint, and in turn the internal screw thread pressure plate, the torsional spring, the connection piece and the brake shaft coupling are fixed by means of socket and spigot joint. The inner friction piece and the brake shaft mesh with each other, and the external tooth is set on the outer circle of said external friction piece. The front end of said brake shaft coupling is fixed on the outside of the internal screw thread pressure plate, the torsional spring and the connection piece by means of socket and spigot joint. In the reel, there is the inner tooth which meshes the external tooth on the outer circle of said external friction piece.

On an advantageous aspect, said fixing apparatus and said brake shaft are an integrative molding step. The step and the brake shaft are molded in an integrative shape and they provides the axial position for all the components fixed on the brake shaft by means of socket and spigot joint.

On an advantageous aspect, on the outside of the internal screw thread pressure plate and the connection piece, there is equipped with a pair of convex lugs. The α angle is staged mutually during the installation between lug on the internal screw thread pressure plate and the lug on the connection piece. The inner side of the brake shaft coupling is equipped with the boss corresponding to the convex lug. Such structure make the boss of brake shaft coupling can only contact with one lug on the internal screw thread pressure plate or on the connection piece under the outside force. And thus it plays the role of the state exchange.

On an advantageous aspect, on the front end of the brake shaft, there is equipped with the external splines. The external splines mesh with the internal splines on the inner side of the connection piece. By the connection of the mesh between the external splines and the internal splines on the inner side of the connection piece, it can adjust the initial position of the convex lug on the connection piece. When the power supply turns to drive the rotating of the brake shaft coupling, the brake shaft coupling drives the internal screw thread pressure plate rotating certain angle firstly by the connection of the boss on the inner side of the brake shaft coupling and the convex lug on the internal screw thread pressure plate, and now the brake shaft coupling does not contact with the convex lug on the connection piece, and thus the connection piece does not take the force to the external friction piece and inner friction piece. There exists the gap between the external friction piece and inner friction piece. When the brake shaft coupling continues rotating, the boss on the brake shaft coupling drives the convex lug on the connection piece, and at this moment, the connection piece drives the brake shaft rotating through the internal spline on the inner side of the connection piece. On the contrary, when the brake shaft coupling rotates to another direction, it firstly connects to the convex lug on the connection piece.

On an advantageous aspect, there is equipped with the disk type spring between said fixing apparatus and the first inner friction piece. Two spring pieces make up into the disk spring, which can play the highest load power in the narrow and small space

On an advantageous aspect, on the brake shaft, there is equipped with the combination of three groups of inner friction pieces and external friction piece. In the ordinary status, the combination of the three groups of inner friction pieces and external friction piece can meet the requirement of capstan winch braking for civil use. The specific number is set based on the demand of transmission torque of the brake.

On an advantageous aspect, it has a spring shield ring used for the hole fixed on the position of corresponding to the shaft frame on said reel. The spring shield ring used for the hole plays the axial position actions such as the brake subassembly. It makes the whole system become a whole one, and reduces the friction effect on the shaft frame.

On an advantageous aspect, a spring shield ring used for the shaft fixed on the brake shaft between the connection piece and the brake shaft coupling by means of socket and spigot joint. The spring shield ring used for the shaft can effectively reduce the friction between the connection piece and the brake shaft coupling, and also it can guarantee the mesh connection of the spline between the connection piece and the brake shaft coupling can not break out.

On an advantageous aspect, there is equipped with the plain washer between said disk type spring and the fixing apparatus. The plain washer is used to position the disk type spring and reduce the friction between the disk type spring and the fixing apparatus.

On an advantageous aspect, the inner friction piece and external friction piece are the steel castings. The steel casting is firmly wear-resisting, and the temperature transmission is fast, and it is applicable for friction braking mechanism.

Owing to said structure, the one-way load self-control spiral type brake in the present invention, the power supply drives the brake shaft coupling rotating according to a direction, and the brake shaft coupling firstly drives the rotation of the internal screw thread pressure plate. A torsional spring is equipped between the internal screw thread pressure plate and the connection piece, which makes the internal screw thread pressure plate have the trend of leaning on the outside friction piece all the while. Under the action of the screw mechanism, there exists the gap in the axial direction between the internal screw thread pressure plate, the outer friction piece and the inner friction piece. The brake shaft coupling then drives the connection piece and the brake shaft rotating, and the power supply drives the brake shaft coupling rotating according to another direction. The brake shaft coupling firstly drives the rotation of the connection piece and the brake shaft. Under the action of the screw mechanism, there exists the gap in the axial direction between the internal screw thread pressure plate, the outer friction piece and the inner friction piece. Further, the brake shaft coupling drives the rotation of the connection piece and the brake shaft. When the power supply stops again after it begins to rotate, under the torque force of the torsional spring, the internal screw thread pressure plate leans on the outside friction piece and makes the internal screw thread pressure plate, the outer friction piece and the inner friction piece tightly pressed together. Further, at that time the position of the external tooth is set on the outer circle of said external friction piece is pressed to the corresponding position of the inner tooth in the inner side of the reel. The external friction piece mesh with the reel together by the external tooth and the inner tooth, and it is fixed in the circumferential direction. Therefore, under the effect of the load like the reel, it makes the reel and the brake shaft fasten as a whole and plays the role of braking.

Further scope of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description given hereinafter. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description given hereinbelow and the accompanying drawings which are given by way of illustration only, and thus are not limitative of the present invention, and wherein:

FIG. 1 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the one-way load self-control spiral type brake in the present invention;

FIG. 2 is the brake shaft schematic diagram of the one-way load self-control spiral type brake in the present invention; and

FIG. 3 is the section schematic diagram of the one-way load self-control spiral type brake in the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

As can be seen from FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 3, the present invention provides a one-way load self-control spiral type brake. The brake includes the reel 10. Two bearing frames 3 are equipped in the reel 10. The brake shaft 2 is set between the two bearing frames 3. The two ends of the brake shaft 2 connect the transmission shaft 1. The front end of said brake shaft 2 is equipped with the fixing apparatus 7, and from the fixing apparatus 7, there is in turn fixed the following units around the brake shaft 2. The inner friction piece 8 and the external friction piece 9 are alternately fixed by means of socket and spigot joint, and in turn the internal screw thread pressure plate 12, the torsional spring 13, the connection piece 14 and the brake shaft coupling 16 are fixed by means of socket and spigot joint. Said inner friction piece 9 and the brake shaft 2 mesh with each other, and the external tooth 17 is set on the outer circle of said external friction piece 9. The front end of said brake shaft coupling 16 is fixed on the outside of the internal screw thread pressure plate 12, the torsional spring 13 and the connection piece 14 by means of socket and spigot joint. In the reel 10, there is the inner tooth 18 which meshes the external tooth 17 on the outer circle of said external friction piece 9. Said fixing apparatus 7 and said brake shaft 2 are an integrative molding step. On the outside of the internal screw thread pressure plate 12 and the connection piece 14, there is equipped with a pair of convex lugs 11. The α angle is staged mutually during the installation between lug on the internal screw thread pressure plate 12 and the convex lug 11 on the connection piece 14. The inner side of the brake shaft coupling 16 is equipped with the boss 21 corresponding to the convex lug 11. On the front end of the brake shaft 2, there is equipped with the external splines 15. The external splines 15 mesh with the internal splines 19 on the inner side of the connection piece 14. There is equipped with the disk type spring 6 between said fixing apparatus 7 and the first inner friction piece 8. Two spring pieces make up into the disk spring 6. There is equipped with the combination of three groups of inner friction pieces 8 and external friction piece 9 on the brake shaft 2. It has a spring shield ring 4 used for the hole fixed on the position of corresponding to the shaft frame 3 on said reel 10. A spring shield ring 20 used for the shaft fixed on the brake shaft 2 between the connection piece 14 and the brake shaft coupling 16 by means of socket and spigot joint. There is equipped with the plain washer 5 between said disk type spring 6 and the fixing apparatus 7. The inner friction piece 8 and external friction piece 9 are the steel castings.

When installing the brake, as long as most of the components are fixed on the brake shaft 2 by means of socket and spigot joint. And the installation is very convenient. But we must pay more attention on that: under the mesh force between the external splines 15 on the front end of the brake shaft 2 and the internal splines 19 on the inner side of the connection piece 14, the α angle is staged mutually from the beginning during the installation between the two convex lugs 11 on the internal screw thread pressure plate 12 and on the connection piece 14.

There are several following states when executing the detailed embodiments.

When the motor rotates clockwise after it has the power supply, it firstly drives the transmission shaft 1 and the brake shaft coupling 16. Then the two bosses 21 on the brake shaft coupling 16 drives the two convex lugs 11 on the internal screw thread pressure plate 12. It forces the screw mechanism formed by the brake shaft 2 and internal screw thread pressure plate 12 to start the action. Thus the status of the internal screw thread pressure plate 12, the disk spring 6, the plain washer 5, the inner friction piece 8 and the external friction piece 9 changes to looseness from the tight pressing with each other. And at this moment torsional spring 13 is in the state of torsion increasing. After the internal screw thread pressure plate 12 turns over α angle, the two bosses 21 on the brake shaft coupling 16 then drive the two convex lugs 11 on the internal screw thread pressure plate 12 and on connection piece 14 rotating together. And at this moment the screw mechanism is just inoperative, so the brake shaft coupling 16 rotates together with the brake shaft 2 by the connection piece 14.

2. When the motor rotates counter clockwise after it has the power supply, it firstly drives the transmission shaft 1 and the brake shaft coupling 16. Then the two bosses 21 on the brake shaft coupling 16 drive the two convex lugs 11 on the connection piece 14. It forces the screw mechanism formed by the brake shaft 2 and internal screw thread pressure plate 12 to start the action. Thus the status of the internal screw thread pressure plate 12, the disk spring 6, the plain washer 5, the inner friction piece 8 and the external friction piece 9 changes to looseness from the tight pressing with each other. And at this moment torsional spring 13 is in the state of torsion increasing. After the connection piece 14 turns over α angle, the two bosses 21 on the brake shaft coupling 16 then drive the two convex lugs 11 on the internal screw thread pressure plate 12 and on connection piece 14 rotating together. And at this moment the screw mechanism is just inoperative, so the brake shaft coupling 16 rotates together with the brake shaft 2 by the connection piece 14.

3. When the motor does not have the power supply and the reel is not under any load forces, the torsional spring 13 has stored many torque forces in the condition that the motor has the power supply and it is in the state of tight torsion. At this moment, under the torque force of the torsional spring 13, the internal screw thread pressure plate 12 rotates, and thus the internal screw thread pressure plate 12, the disk spring 6, the plain washer 5, the inner friction piece 8 and the external friction piece 9 tightly pre-pressing with each other. This state is the precondition provided for the brake apparatus taking the action effect when the reel 10 drives the load and the motor does not have the power supply.

4. When the motor does not have the power supply and the reel is under the load forces, the speed reducer device transmits the torque towards the direction of speed acceleration, that is, the torque is transmitted from the reel 10 all along to the transmission shaft 1, then the transmission shaft 1 drives the brake shaft 2 and the internal screw thread pressure plate 12. At this time the internal screw thread pressure plate 12 is tightly stick to the external friction piece 9, and thus the screw mechanism on the brake shaft 2 has the effect of action. That is, under the force of the load, the internal screw thread pressure plate 12 presses the disk spring 6, the plain washer 5, the inner friction piece 8 and the external friction piece 9 tightly and tightly, and the external friction piece 9 and the reel 10 mesh together by the external tooth 17 on the outer circle of said external friction piece 9 and the inner tooth 18 on the reel 10. In this case the brake device has the effect of braking.

5. Based on the above forth state, if it drives the motor rotating counter clockwise, that is the looseness direction of the steel rope on the reel 10, and if the load force causes the rotate speed of the brake shaft 2 exceeding the rotate speed of the motor, the braking system will produce great vibrations, that is, the braking system will produce the circulation process of releasing braking—braking—releasing braking—braking. Therefore adding the disk spring 6, it can cause the speed of the brake shaft 2 not exceeding the speed of the motor by the load force when each friction piece does not loose totally yet at the moment of the motor staring-up. Therefore, it avoids the vibrations produced by the braking system.

Furthermore, in the process of braking, the external friction piece 9 and the reel 10 connect to each other, and they all are the steel castings. Therefore, the large heat produced during the braking process can be sent out quickly. It has good effect in the heat dissipation.

In one word, this invention provides a one-way load self-control spiral type brake and a new braking mode. It overcomes the shortcomings of the heat dissipation existed in the awl drum type, the piston ring type and the ratchet type braking system in the prior art. This invention is especially useful for the capstan winch braking. 

1. A one-way load self-control spiral type brake, comprising: a reel (10), two bearing frames (3) equipped in the reel (10), a brake shaft (2) set between the two bearing frames (3), two ends of the brake shaft (2) connecting a transmission shaft (1), a front end of said brake shaft (2) being equipped with a fixing apparatus (7), wherein, behind the fixing apparatus (7), a first inner friction piece (8), a first external friction piece (9), a second inner friction piece (8), a second external friction piece (9), an internal screw thread pressure plate (12), a tension spring (13), a connection piece (14) and a brake shaft coupling (16) are provided in sequential order around the brake shaft (2), and are fixed together by a socket and spigot joint, wherein the inner friction piece (9) and the brake shaft (2) mesh with each other, and an external tooth (17) is set on an outer circle of the external friction piece (9), a front end of the brake shaft coupling (16) is fixed on an outside of an internal screw thread pressure plate (12), and in the reel (10), an inner tooth (18) meshes with an external tooth (17) on an outer circle of the external friction piece (9).
 2. A one-way load self-control spiral type brake as defined in claim 1, wherein said fixing apparatus (7) and said brake shaft (2) form an integrative molding step.
 3. A one-way load self-control spiral type brake as defined in claim 1, further comprising a pair of convex lugs (11) provided on the outside of the internal screw thread pressure plate (12) and the connection piece (14), wherein an α angle is staged mutually during installation between the lugs (11) on the internal screw thread pressure plate (12) and the convex lugs (11) on the connection piece (14), and an inner side of the brake shaft coupling (16) is equipped with a pair of bosses (21) corresponding to the convex lugs (11).
 4. A one-way load self-control spiral type brake as defined in claim 3, further comprising external splines (15) provided on the front end of the brake shaft (2), wherein the external splines (15) mesh with the internal splines (19) on the inner side of the connection piece (14).
 5. A one-way load self-control spiral type brake as defined in claim 1, further comprising a disk type spring (6) provided between said fixing apparatus (7) and the first inner friction piece (8), the disk spring (6) having two spring pieces.
 6. A one-way load self-control spiral type brake as defined claim 1, further comprising a third inner friction pieces (8) and a third external friction piece (9) on the brake shaft (2).
 7. A one-way load self-control spiral type brake as defined in claim 1, further comprising a spring shield ring (4) positioned so as to fix the shaft frame (3) on the reel (10).
 8. A one-way load self-control spiral type brake as defined in claim 1, further comprising a spring shield ring (20) positioned between the connection piece (14) and the brake shaft coupling (16).
 9. A one-way load self-control spiral type brake as defined in claim 1, further comprising a plain washer (5) positioned between a disk type spring (6) and the fixing apparatus (7).
 10. A one-way load self-control spiral type brake as defined in claim 1, wherein the inner friction pieces (8) and the external friction pieces (9) are formed of steel castings. 